Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Sports Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 urmia university

3 Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

4 Shahid Beheshti University, velengak, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to Video analysis of sports injuries in the Iranian Football Premier League before and after the outbreak of the Corona virus in the 2019-2020 season. The video of 143 matches out of 239 matches of these games was reviewed by the researcher and the prevalence of injury, the mechanism of injury, the position of the injured player and the area of injury were recorded. According to the results, 219 injuries occurred before the outbreak of coronavirus and 276 injuries occurred after the outbreak of coronavirus. Findings showed that despite the significant increase in the amount of damage in the corona period compared to the previous period of the corona, there was no significant difference in the mechanism of injury, the area of injury and the position of the injured player, before and after the corona virus outbreak.

Keywords

  1. Andersen TE, Tenga A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Video analysis of injuries and incidents in Norwegian professional football. British journal of sports medicine. 2004;38(5):626-31.
  2. Andersen TE, Larsen Ø, Tenga A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Football incident analysis: a new video based method to describe injury mechanisms in professional football. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2003;37(3):226-32.
  3. Ekstrand J, Waldén M, Hägglund M. Risk for injury when playing in a national football team. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2004;14(1):34-8.
  4. Murphy D, Connolly D, Beynnon B. Risk factors for lower extremity injury: a review of the literature. British journal of sports medicine. 2003;37(1):13-29.
  5. Chan K-M, Fong DT-P, Hong Y, Yung PS-H, Lui PP-Y. Orthopaedic sport biomechanics–a new paradigm. Clinical Biomechanics. 2008;23:S21-S30.
  6. Ekstrand J. The risk and injury distribution. Football Medicine Martin Dunitz, London. 2003:1-11.
  7. Kucera KL, Marshall SW, Kirkendall DT, Marchak P, Garrett WE. Injury history as a risk factor for incident injury in youth soccer. British journal of sports medicine. 2005;39(7):462-.
  8. Emery CA, Meeuwisse WH, Hartmann SE. Evaluation of risk factors for injury in adolescent soccer: implementation and validation of an injury surveillance system. The American journal of sports medicine. 2005;33(12):1882-91.
  9. Ramezani Nejad R, Rahmaninia F, Boroumand Dulagh M. Investigating the incidence of aggressive behaviors of Pegah soccer players in the professional soccer league of Iran. Sport Management Journal. 2009;1:101-17. (In Persian)
  10. Rostamzadeh P, Sadeghi H, Assari A, Yavari K. The Effect of Government Investment in Sport on Economic Growth in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Economic Research. 2013;4:210-7.
  11. Hägglund M, Waldén M, Ekstrand J. Injury incidence and distribution in elite football—a prospective study of the Danish and the Swedish top divisions. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2005;15(1):21-8.
  12. Inklaar H. Soccer injuries. Sports medicine. 1994;18(1):55-73.
  13. Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. The lancet. 2020;395(10223):470-3.
  14. Singhal T. A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The indian journal of pediatrics. 2020;87(4):281-6.
  15. Nicola M, Alsafi Z, Sohrabi C, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, et al. The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus and COVID-19 pandemic: a review. International journal of surgery. 2020.
  16. Udegbe CD, Effiong EB. Coronavirus: COVID-19-epidemiology, treatment, prevention and control. Journal of Advances in Microbiology. 2020:46-51.
  17. Stokes KA, Jones B, Bennett M, Close GL, Gill N, Hull JH, et al. Returning to play after prolonged training restrictions in professional collision sports. International journal of sports medicine. 2020;41(13):895.
  18. Seshadri DR, Thom ML, Harlow ER, Drummond CK, Voos JE. Case report: return to sport following the CoViD-19 lockdown and its impact on injury rates in the German Soccer League. Frontiers in sports and active living. 2021;3.
  19. Guerrero-Calderón B. The effect of short-term and long-term coronavirus quarantine on physical performance and injury incidence in high-level soccer. Soccer & Society. 2021;22(1-2):85-95.
  20. Silva JR, Brito J, Akenhead R, Nassis GP. The transition period in soccer: a window of opportunity. Sports Medicine. 2016;46(3):305-13.
  21. Hawkins RD, Hulse M, Wilkinson C, Hodson A, Gibson M. The association football medical research programme: an audit of injuries in professional football. British journal of sports medicine. 2001;35(1):43-7.
  22. Gallo PO, Argemi R, Batista J, Garcia L, Liotta G. The epidemiology of injuries in a professional soccer team in Argentina. International SportMed Journal. 2006;7(4):255-65.
  23. Zarei, Rahnama, Rajabi. Video analysis of the injuries of the players of the Iranian Football Premier League. Movement, 2009. (In Persian)
  24. Krutsch W, Hadji A, Tröß T, Szymski D, Aus der Fünten K, Gärtner B, et al. No increased injury incidence in the German Bundesliga after the SARS-CoV-2 virus lockdown. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. 2021:1-8.
  25. Rahnama N, Reilly T, Lees A. Injury risk associated with playing actions during competitive soccer. British journal of sports medicine. 2002;36(5):354-9.
  26. Hawkins RD, Fuller CW. A prospective epidemiological study of injuries in four English professional football clubs. British journal of sports medicine. 1999;33(3):196-203.
  27. Krosshaug T, Andersen TE, Olsen OO, Myklebust G, Bahr R. Research approaches to describe the mechanisms of injuries in sport: limitations and possibilities. British journal of sports medicine. 2005;39(6):330-9.
  28. Andersen TE, Floerenes TW, Arnason A, Bahr R. Video analysis of the mechanisms for ankle injuries in football. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(1_suppl):69-79.
  29. Arnason A, Tenga A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. A prospective video-based analysis of injury situations in elite male football: football incident analysis. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(6):1459-65.
  30. Olsen O-E, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Injury mechanisms for anterior cruciate ligament injuries in team handball: a systematic video analysis. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(4):1002-12.
  31. Krosshaug T, Bahr R. A model-based image-matching technique for three-dimensional reconstruction of human motion from uncalibrated video sequences. Journal of biomechanics. 2005;38(4):919-29.
  32. Rahnama N, Naderian Jahromi M, Bombay Chi E, Ebrahimi Karami E (2006). Investigating the incidence of injuries in home and away games of football players. Olympics, Volume 14, Number 4 (36 consecutive); From page 91 to page 98.
    (In Persian)
  33. Andersen TE, Arnason A, Engebretsen L, Bahr R. Mechanisms of head injuries in elite football. British journal of sports medicine. 2004;38(6):690-6.
  34. Hawkins RD, Fuller CW. Risk assessment in professional football: an examination of accidents and incidents in the 1994 World Cup finals. British journal of sports medicine. 1996;30(2):165-70.
  35. Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. Soccer injuries and their mechanisms: a prospective study. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1983;15(3):267-7
  36. Morgan BE, Oberlander MA. An examination of injuries in major league soccer: the inaugural season. The American journal of sports medicine. 2001;29(4):426-30.
  37. Junge A, Dvorak J, Graf-Baumann T, Peterson L. Football injuries during FIFA tournaments and the Olympic Games, 1998-2001: development and implementation of an injury-reporting system. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(1_suppl):80-9.
  38. Junge A, Dvorak J, Graf-Baumann T. Football injuries during the World Cup 2002. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(1_suppl):23-7.
  39. Yoon YS, Chai M, Shin DW. Football injuries at Asian tournaments. The American journal of sports medicine. 2004;32(1_suppl):36-42.

 

  1. Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J, et al. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2006;16(2):83-92.
  2. Meyer T, Mack D, Donde K, Harzer O, Krutsch W, Rössler A, et al. Successful return to professional men’s football (soccer) competition after the COVID-19 shutdown: a cohort study in the German Bundesliga. British journal of sports medicine. 2021;55(1):62-6.
  3. Elias SR. 10-year trend in USA Cup soccer injuries: 1988-1997. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2001;33(3):359-67.
  4. Sarto F, Impellizzeri FM, Spörri J, Porcelli S, Olmo J, Requena B, et al. Impact of potential physiological changes due to COVID-19 home confinement on athlete health protection in elite sports: a call for awareness in sports programming. Sports Medicine. 2020;50:1417-9.
  5. Zarei M, Rahnama N, and Rajabi R. (2009). Video analysis of the injuries of football players in the 2007 Asian Cup. Olympics, 17 (2 (46 in a row)), 91-100. (In Persian)
  6. Waldén M, Hägglund M, Ekstrand J. UEFA Champions League study: a prospective study of injuries in professional football during the 2001–2002 season. British journal of sports medicine. 2005;39(8):542-6.
  7. Al-Kashmiri A, Delaney JS. Head and neck injuries in football (soccer). Trauma. 2006;8(3):189-95.