Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

3 Shahre kord university

Abstract

Neck and shoulder pain is one of the most important occupational diseases and one of the causes of disability in carpet weavers. Changing the proper direction of the head on the body and creating a forward head position are other risk factors for carpet weavers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks selected corrective exercises on disability and neck & shoulder pain and forward head angle of carpet weavers. In this study, 32 women carpet weavers with neck and shoulder pain and disability with forward head position were purposefully selected and placed in two control and experimental groups. The experimental group performed a correctional exercise program for 8 weeks. To measure neck and shoulder pain and disability, the Visual Analogue Scale, Neck Disability Index and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index were used, respectively, and the goniometer was used to measure the head-forward position. After confirmation of data normal distribution, independent t-test and paired t-test for statistical analysis were used. The intergroup results showed significant differences in neck and shoulder pain and disability and forward head position between control and training groups after completing the exercises, and Intragroup results showed a decrease in neck and shoulder pain and disability and Forward Head Angle of women carpet weavers. Selected corrective exercises by effect on neck and shoulder muscles and probably by relieves muscle spasms and strengthens muscles can reduce pain and disability of the neck and shoulders and the forward head position of women weavers.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Habibi Ea, Karimi S, Hasanzadeh A. Evaluation Of Ergonomic Risk Factors By Ocra Method In Assembly Industry. Iran Occupational Health Journal. 2008;5(1-2):-In Persian.
  2. Fatahi A, Yousefian Molla R, Ameli M, Khezri D. The Effect Of Combined And Core Stability Training Program With Protective Measures On Selected Variables Of Physical Fitness Of Junior And Young Volleyball Players During The Coronavirus Pandemic. Journal Of Sport Biomechanics. 2021;7(3):In Persian.
  3. Khezri D, Salari Esker F, Eslami M. Quantifying Foot Inter-Joint Coordination And Variability After Wearing Variable Stiffness Foot Insoles During The Stance Phase Of Running. Studies In Sport Medicine. 2020;11(26):91-108. In Persian.
  4. Rabiei M, Qasemi B, Abbassi M. The Effect Of The Eight-Week Fifa 11+ Injury Prevention Program On Adolescent Footballers' Functional Movement Screen Scores. Journal Of Advanced Sport Technology. 2022;5(2):90-8.
  5. Åkesson I, Johnsson B, Rylander L, Moritz U, Skerfving S. Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Female Dental Personnel–Clinical Examination And A 5-Year Follow-Up Study Of Symptoms. International Archives Of Occupational And Environmental Health. 1999;72(6):395-403.
  6. Alvarez Dj, Rockwell Pg. Trigger Points: Diagnosis And Management. American Family Physician. 2002;65(4):653.
  7. Motamedzade M, Moghimbeigi A. Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Female Carpet Weavers In Iran. Ergonomics. 2012;55(2):229-36.
  8. Moeini H, Vahdatpour B, Akhlaghi M, Mortazavi A, Ghanbari H, Salehi A, Et Al. Evaluation Of Ophthalmologists’ Sitting Position. Bina Journal Of Ophthalmology. 2008;14(1):44-9. In Persian.
  9. Golmohammadi R, Alizadeh H, Motamedzade M, Soltanian A. The Relationship Between The Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Pains And The Lighting In Carpet Weaving Workshops Among Female Carpet Weavers In Bijar Township. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal. 2017;8(4):27-36. In Persian.
  10. Neshastegar F, Halvani G, Choobineh A, Ahmadiyeyazdi M. Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Disorders And Determination Of Associated Risk Factors In Female Workers In Clothing Manufacturing Workshops Of Yazd City. Occupational Medicine. 2019:In Persian.
  11. Kim N-J, Kim J-S, Wang J-S, Park J-H, Choi J-H. The Effects Of Isometric Trunk Exercises And Dynamic Trunk Exercises On Gait In Elderly People. Journal Of Physical Therapy Science. 2015;27(6):1685-9.
  12. Mcnair Pj, Portero P, Chiquet C, Mawston G, Lavaste F. Acute Neck Pain: Cervical Spine Range Of Motion And Position Sense Prior To And After Joint Mobilization. Manual Therapy. 2007;12(4):390-4.
  13. Cleland Ja, Childs Jd, Whitman Jm. Psychometric Properties Of The Neck Disability Index And Numeric Pain Rating Scale In Patients With Mechanical Neck Pain. Archives Of Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation. 2008;89(1):69-74.
  14. Rajabi R, Minoonejad H, Ardakani Mk-Z, Sheikh Zd, Ramezani-Ouzineh M. The Relationship Between Craniovertebral (Cv) Angle And Neck Pain Among Male And Female Students With An Emphasis On Different Educational Levels. Rehabilitation. 2015;16(3):In Persian.
  15. Jorritsma W, De Vries Ge, Dijkstra Pu, Geertzen Jh, Reneman Mf. Neck Pain And Disability Scale And Neck Disability Index: Validity Of Dutch Language Versions. European Spine Journal. 2012;21(1):93-100.
  16. Fernández‐De‐Las‐Peñas C, Cuadrado Ml, Pareja Ja. Myofascial Trigger Points, Neck Mobility, And Forward Head Posture In Episodic Tension‐Type Headache. Headache: The Journal Of Head And Face Pain. 2007;47(5):662-72.
  17. Levangie Pk, Norkin Cc. Joint Structure And Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. 2011.
  18. Nobari M, Arslan Sa, Hadian Mr, Ganji B. Effect Of Corrective Exercises On Cervicogenic Headache In Office Workers With Forward Head Posture. Journal Of Modern Rehabilitation. 2017;11(4):201-8.
  19. Hajihosseini E, Norasteh Aa, Shamsi A, Daneshmandi H. The Effect Of 6 Weeks Strength Training, Stretching And Comprehensive Corrective Exercises On Forward Head Incorrect Posture. Modern Rehabilitation. 2016;9(5):38-48. In Persian.
  20. Fernández-De-Las-Peñas C. Myofascial Head Pain. Current Pain And Headache Reports. 2015;19(7):1-7.
  21. Palacios-Ceña M, Castaldo M, Wang K, Catena A, Torelli P, Arendt-Nielsen L, Et Al. Relationship Of Active Trigger Points With Related Disability And Anxiety In People With Tension-Type Headache. Medicine. 2017;96(13).
  22. Ghiasinezhad S, Hadadnezhad M, Letafatkar A. The Effects Of Eight Weeks Of Yoga Training On Motor Control, Proprioception And Forward Head Angle Among Girls Diagnosed With Forward Head Posture. International Journal Of Medical Research & Health Sciences. 2016;5(11):40-6.
  23. Andersen Ch. Effect Of Different Training Regimes On Musculoskeletal Pain In Neck And Shoulder: Phd Thesis 2012. Institute Of Sports Science And Clinical Biomechanics …; 2012.
  24. Seidi F. The Effect Of A 12-Week Corrective Exercises Program On Forward Head And Shoulder Deformities. Studies In Sport Medicine. 2014;5(14):31-44. In Persian.
  25. Aryafar S, Aghayari A, Rajabi R, Moghadasi A, Editors. Effect Of Posture Correction Program On Reduction Of Chronic Neck Pain Among Female Computer Operators In 8 Weeks. 6th National Conference On Physical Education And Sports Science Students In Iran; 2011.
  26. Khezri D, Abbasi H, Nobari H. Training Loads And Non-Contact Injuries In Soccer: A Full Season Monitoring Of A Team In Iranian Premier League. Sport Medicine Studies. 2022;Fall & Winter 2022; 14(29):In Press. In Persian.
  27. Khezri D, Esalmi M, Uosefpour R, Fayyaz Movaghar A. The Establishment Of Normative Values For Lower Limbs Strength, Flexibility And Alignment In Runners Of Mazandaran Province. Sport Medicine Studies. 2019;10(24 #A001031. ):In Persian.
  28. Hrysomallis C, Goodman C. A Review Of Resistance Exercise And Posture Realignment. The Journal Of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2001;15(3):385-90.
  29. Harman K, Hubley-Kozey Cl, Butler H. Effectiveness Of An Exercise Program To Improve Forward Head Posture In Normal Adults: A Randomized, Controlled 10-Week Trial. Journal Of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2005;13(3):163-76.
  30. Kluemper M, Uhl T, Hazelrigg H. Effect Of Stretching And Strengthening Shoulder Muscles On Forward Shoulder Posture In Competitive Swimmers. Journal Of Sport Rehabilitation. 2006;15(1):58.
  31. Lynch Ss, Thigpen Ca, Mihalik Jp, Prentice We, Padua D. The Effects Of An Exercise Intervention On Forward Head And Rounded Shoulder Postures In Elite Swimmers. British Journal Of Sports Medicine. 2010;44(5):376-81.
  32. Latifi S, Saadi H, Shabanalifahmi H. Problems With Rural Carpet-Weaving Women In Hamadan Province A Factorial Analysis Of The Problems Of Rural Carpet-Weaving Women Problems In Hamadan Province. Quarterly Journal Of Women And Society. 2013;4(13):29-52. In Persian.
  33. Taheri H, Ghaderi J, Shirzad H. The Evaluation Of The Effect Of Therapeutic Exercises Programs On The Rate Of Chronic Neck Pain And Disability In Police Staff Of Lorestan. Journal Of Police Medicine. 2014;3(3):193-202. In Persian.
  34. Alghadir Ah, Iqbal Za. Effect Of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training Using Pressure Biofeedback On Pain And Forward Head Posture In School Teachers With Neck Pain: An Observational Study. Biomed Research International. 2021;2021.
  35. Pancholi P, Yadav J, Kalra S. Effect Of Resistance Band Exercises On Neck Pain, Disability And Forward Head Posture In Dentists With Chronic Neck Pain. J Physiother Rehabil. 2018;2(1).
  36. Kim T-W, An D-I, Lee H-Y, Jeong H-Y, Kim D-H, Sung Y-H. Effects Of Elastic Band Exercise On Subjects With Rounded Shoulder Posture And Forward Head Posture. Journal Of Physical Therapy Science. 2016;28(6):1733-7.
  37. Letafatkar A, Taghavi M, Alizadeh Mh, Hadadnezhad M, Norouzi H. The Effect Of One Period Of Exercise Program On Non Athlete's Neck Rom And Chronic Neck Pain. Journal Of Research In Rehabilitation Sciences. 2011;7(1):In Persian.
  38. Jensen Mp, Chen C, Brugger Am. Interpretation Of Visual Analog Scale Ratings And Change Scores: A Reanalysis Of Two Clinical Trials Of Postoperative Pain. The Journal Of Pain. 2003;4(7):407-14.
  39. Javdaneh N, Soltanyan Dehkordi Z, Ghasemi B. The Effect Of Six Week Corrective Exercises On Pain And Disability In Patients With Dyskinesias Scapula Syndrome. Journal Of Anesthesiology And Pain. 2020;10(4 #F001263):In Persian.
  40. Mousavi Sj, Parnianpour M, Montazeri A, Mehdian H, Karimi A, Abedi M, Et Al. Translation And Validation Study Of The Iranian Versions Of The Neck Disability Index And The Neck Pain And Disability Scale. Spine. 2007;32(26):E825-E31.
  41. Taheri P, Vahdatpour B, Andalib S, Baradaran Mahdavi S. The Effect Of Low-Level Laser Therapy, Exercise Therapy And Medication On Myofascial Pain Syndrome Of Upper Trapezius: A Clinical Trial Study. Journal Of Rafsanjan University Of Medical Sciences. 2019;18(4):365-76. In Persian.
  42. Aghaei B, Norouzadeh R, Heidari Mr. Shoulder Pain And Disability Index: Validation Of Iranian Version. Iranian Quarterly Journal Of Breast Disease. 2014;7(2):16-22. In Persian.
  43. Edmondston Sj, Chan Hy, Ngai Gcw, Warren Mlr, Williams Jm, Glennon S, Et Al. Postural Neck Pain: An Investigation Of Habitual Sitting Posture, Perception Of ‘Good’posture And Cervicothoracic Kinaesthesia. Manual Therapy. 2007;12(4):363-71.
  44. Taheri H, Mahdavinejad R, Dehkordi Sb, Omidali Z. Comparison Of Forward Head In Persons With Chronic Neck Pain And Healthy Persons. Journal Of Research In Rehabilitation Sciences. 2011;7(2):In Persian.
  45. Salehi S, Akbari M, Jamshidi Aa. Effect Of Exercise Therapy On Head, Neck Range Of Motion, And Craniovertebral Angle In Subjects With Forward Head Posture. The Scientific Journal Of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2017;6(2):180-7. In Persian.
  46. Azadi F, Amjad Rn, Marioryad H, Alimohammadi M, Vazifehkhorani Ak, Poursadeghiyan M. Effect Of 12-Week Neck, Core, And Combined Stabilization Exercises On The Pain And Disability Of Elderly Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Clinical Trial. Iranian Journal Of Ageing. 2019;13(5 Spec):614-25. In Persian.

 

 

  1. Maleki M, Hesar Ngz, Abbasi T. Effects Of Eight Weeks Of Selected Corrective Training Program On Pain And Forward Head Posture In Females With Large Breasts. The Scientific Journal Of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2020;9(2):51-60. In Persian.
  2. Javdaneh N, Hadadnezhad M. Comparison Of The Effect Of Stability Training And Muscle Energy Technique On Pain, Disability And Neck Range Of Motion In People With Chronic Neck Pain. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2019;7(2):78-87. In Persian.
  3. Kim Sd. Effects Of Yogic Exercise On Nonspecific Neck Pain In University Students. Complementary Therapies In Clinical Practice. 2018;31:338-42.
  4. Kaka B, Ogwumike Oo, Adeniyi Af, Maharaj Ss, Ogunlade So, Bello B. Effectiveness Of Neck Stabilisation And Dynamic Exercises On Pain Intensity, Depression And Anxiety Among Patients With Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Scandinavian Journal Of Pain. 2018;18(2):321-31.
  5. Aryafar S, Aghayari A, Rajabi R. A Comparison Of The Effect Of 8 Weeks Of Corrective Exercises And Postural Modified Protocols Individually And In Combination On Reduced Neck Pain In Computer Users. Journal Of Exercise Science And Medicine. 2015;7(1):1-17. In Persian.
  6. Andersen Ch, Andersen Ll, Mortensen Os, Zebis Mk, Sjøgaard G. Protocol For Shoulder Function Training Reducing Musculoskeletal Pain In Shoulder And Neck: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Bmc Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2011;12(1):1-5.
  7. Sepehrifar S, Moezy A, Solaymani Dodaran M. The Effect Of Exercise Therapy On Shoulder Pain, Flexibility And Mobility In Patients With Shoulder Overuse Syndrome In Comparison With Physiotherapy. Journal Of Medical Council Of Iri. 2013;31(2):-In Persian.
  8. Afshin K, Behpoor N. The Effect Of 8 Weeks Of Strength Training On Fluctuations Of Neck-Shoulder Pain In Female Carpet Weavers. Journal Of Exercise Science And Medicine. 2016;8(2):213-27. In Persian.
  9. Atılgan E, Aytar A, Çağlar A, Tığlı Aa, Arın G, Yapalı G, Et Al. The Effects Of Clinical Pilates Exercises On Patients With Shoulder Pain: A Randomised Clinical Trial. Journal Of Bodywork And Movement Therapies. 2017;21(4):847-51.
  10. Santello G, Rossi Dm, Martins J, Libardoni Tdc, De Oliveira As. Effects On Shoulder Pain And Disability Of Teaching Patients With Shoulder Pain A Home-Based Exercise Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2020;34(10):1245-55.
  11. Kim S, Jung J, Kim N. The Effects Of Mckenzie Exercise On Forward Head Posture And Respiratory Function. The Journal Of Korean Physical Therapy. 2019;31(6):351-7.
  12. Sikka I, Chawla C, Seth S, Alghadir Ah, Khan M. Effects Of Deep Cervical Flexor Training On Forward Head Posture, Neck Pain, And Functional Status In Adolescents Using Computer Regularly. Biomed Research International. 2020;2020.
  13. Beneka A, Malliou P, Gioftsidou A. Neck Pain And Office Workers: An Exercise Program For The Workplace. Acsm's Health & Fitness Journal. 2014;18(3):18-24.