مطالعات طب ورزشی

تأثیر تمرینات چرخشی در مقایسه با تمرینات تعادلی بر عملکرد تعادل، تحرک، چرخش و ترس از سقوط در سالمندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 . دانشجوی دکتری آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران.

2 استاد گروه آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران

3 . استادیار گروه آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه ارتوپدی فنی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان.

چکیده
توانایی سالمندان در راه رفتن و چرخش پایدار عامل مهمی در زندگی مستقل با کیفیت است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات چرخشی در مقایسه با تمرینات تعادلی بر عملکرد تعادل، تحرک، چرخش و ترس از سقوط در سالمندان انجام شد. بدین منظور 45 مرد سالمند حداقل60 ساله دارای معیار های پژوهش انتخاب و به طور تصادفی و مساوی در دو گروه تجربی (تمرینات چرخشی و تعادلی) و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه های تجربی برنامه تمرینی خود را به مدت 12 هفته انجام دادند. تعادل ایستا و پویا، تعادل عملکردی، راه رفتن مستقیم، راه رفتن چرخشی و ترس از سقوط به ترتیب از طریق صفحه نیرو، آزمون های زمان برخاستن و رفتن، 10 متر راه رفتن، راه رفتن 8 شکل و مقیاس کارآمدی افتادن در سالمندان اندازه گیری شد. هر دو تمرینات چرخشی و تعادلی در بهبود تعادل ایستا، پویا و عملکردی، راه رفتن مستقیم و کاهش ترس از سقوط در گروه های تمرینی نسبت به کنترل موثر بود. تمرینات چرخشی باعث بهبود عملکرد چرخش نسبت به تمرینات تعادلی و گروه کنترل شد و نسبت به تمرینات تعادلی تاثیر بیشتری در بهبود تعادل عملکردی داشت. بکارگیری مولفه چرخش در تمرینات نه تنها تاثیرات تمرینات تعادلی را به همراه دارد بلکه باعث تاثیرگذاری بیشتر و تسری آن بر بهبود عملکرد در تکالیف چرخشی در سالمندان می گردد. با توجه به گستردگی موقعیت های چرخشی در فعالیت های روزمره و خطر بالقوه آن برای سالمندان، بکارگیری مولفه چرخش و انجام تمرینات چرخشی در سالمندان توصیه می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Turning Training in Comparison with Balance Training on Balance Performance, Mobility, Turning and Fear of Falling in Older Adults.

نویسندگان English

  • mehdi ghaderiyan 1
  • gholamali ghasemi 2
  • Shahram Lenjannejadian 3
  • ebrahim sadeghi Demneh 4
1 Phd student in Sport injury and corrective Movements, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Sport injury and corrective Movements, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport injury and corrective Movements, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Orthotics and Prosthetics, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده English

Older adults’ ability to walk and turn is a crucial factor in quality independent living. This study aimed to investigate the effect of turning training in comparison with balance training on balance performance, mobility, turning, and fear of falling in older adults. therefore 45 eligible elderly males at least 60 years old were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (turning and balance training) and a control group (n=15). Each experimental group performed their training program for 12 weeks. Static and dynamic balance, functional balance and mobility, straight walking, turning walking, and fear of falling were measured through force plate, Timed Up and Go Test, 10 Meter Walk Test, Figure of 8 Walk Test, and Falls Efficacy Scale-International respectively. Both turning and balance training were effective in improving static, dynamic, and functional balance, straight walking, and decreasing the fear of falling in both training groups compared to the control group. Turning training improved turning performance compared to balance training and the control groups and had a more effect on improving functional balance than balance training. The use of the turning components in training not only has the effects of balance training but also has more effects on improving performance in turning tasks in older adults. Due to the extent of turning situations in daily activities and its potential risk for older adults, it is recommended to use the turning components and perform the turning training in older adults.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Combined Training
  • Turning
  • Balance
  • Walking
  • Older Adults
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  • تاریخ دریافت 11 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری 10 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 22 خرداد 1401

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