مطالعات طب ورزشی

تاثیر 12 هفته تمرینات در آب در قسمت کم عمق و عمیق استخر بر تعادل و قدرت عضلات اندام تحتانی افراد سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 هیات علمی دانشکده علوم ورزشی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

3 کارشناس ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده
هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر 12 هفته تمرینات در آب در قسمت کم عمق و عمیق استخر بر تعادل و قدرت عضلات اندام تحتانی افراد سالمند می‌باشد. تعداد36 نفر سالمند مرد سالم در سه گروه 12 نفری به‌عنوان نمونه‌ی آماری انتخاب شدند. دو گروه تجربی تمرینات ورزش در آب در قسمت عمیق و کم عمق استخر را به مدت12 هفته (سه جلسه در هفته) انجام می‌دادند. برای ارزیابی تعادل ایستا از آزمون زمان ایستادن روی یک پا، برای ارزیابی تعادل پویا از تست Y و برای ارزیابی قدرت عضلات اندام تحتانی از دستگاه دینامومتر دستی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بعد از انجام تمرینات در قسمت کم عمق و عمیق استخر تعادل ایستای آزمودنی ها افزایش معنی دار یافت (03/0=p) اما در تعادل پویا بعد از انجام تمرینات در قسمت کم عمق و عمیق، تعادل پویای پای برتر در هر سه جهت افزایش اما تعادل پویای پای غیربرتر تنها در جهت قدامی افزایش یافت (01/0=p). از طرف دیگر نتایج نشان داد که بعد از انجام تمرینات در قسمت کم عمق تنها قدرت عضلات همسترینگ افزایش یافت در حالیکه بعد از انجام تمرینات در قسمت عمیق، قدرت در تمامی گروههای عضلانی به غیر از چرخش دهنده های داخلی و خارجی افزایش یافت (05/0< p). به نظر می رسد که انجام 12 هفته تمرینات در قسمت کم عمق و عمیق استخر بهبود معنی داری بر تعادل افراد سالمند دارد اما انجام تمرینات در قسمت عمیق، تاثیرگذاری بیشتری بر قدرت عضلات اندام تحتانی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Effects of 12 weeks water training in shallow and deep part of pool on balance and lower limb muscles strength in elderly

نویسندگان English

  • seyed hossein hosseinimehr 1
  • Mehrdad Anbarian 2
  • zanyar mohammadi 3
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University
3 Master of sciences in sports biomechanics, Department of sport biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
چکیده English

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks water training in shallow and deep part of pool on balance and lower limb muscles strength in elderly. Thirty-six healthy male elder selected as statically sample in three groups. Two experimental groups performed 12 weeks water training in shallow and deep part of pool for three sessions in per week. Balance and lower limb muscles strength tests performed before and after the training protocol. Single leg stance time and Y test were used for measuring static and dynamic balance respectively. MMT system was used for measuring lower limb muscles strength. Findings of this study indicated there is significant improvement on static balance after performing training protocol in shallow and deep part of the pool (p=0.03) .in contrast, dynamic balance of dominance leg has significant improvement in 3 directions of Y test while dynamic balance of non-dominance leg has significant improvement in anterior direction only (p=0.01). On the other hand, there is only significant improvement in hamstring muscles strength after training protocol in shallow part of the pool while all muscles strength except internal and external rotators have significant improvement after training protocol in deep part of the pool (p<0.05). It seems 12 weeks water training in shallow and deep part of pool has significant improvement on balance but performing training in deep part of pool has more significant improvement on lower limb muscles strength in elderly.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • water exercises
  • balance
  • lower extremity strength
  • elderly people
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مطالعات طب ورزشی
دوره 14، شماره 33
آذر 1401
صفحه 97-114

  • تاریخ دریافت 16 اسفند 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری 15 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش 25 تیر 1401

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