نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه بیرجند
2 علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه بیرجند
3 دانشگاه بیرجند، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، معاون پژوهشی
4 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: با توجه به عدم بررسی اثر انتقالی تمرینات پلایومتریک پایین‌تنه به بالاتنه، هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی تأثیر تمرینات پلایومتریک بالاتنه و پایین‌تنه بر فعالیت الکتریکی عضلات بالاتنه ورزشکاران جوان بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: بدین منظور، 36 دانشجوی علوم ورزشی بصورت هدفمند انتخاب و بصورت تصادفی در سه گروه برابر- کنترل؛ - تمرین پلایومتریک بالاتنه؛ و - تمرین پلایومتریک بالاتنه-پایین‌تنه (ترکیبی) تقسیم شدند. تمرینات بالاتنه (4 هفته/3جلسه در هفته) مشتمل بر انجام شنای پلایومتریک بر روی دست (4 نوبت 12 تکراری) بود. پس از آن، گروه ترکیبی با پرش از روی موانع (4 نوبت 12 تکراری)، تمرین را ادامه می‌دادند. در ابتدا و انتهای دوره، آزمون‌های آنتروپومتری (توده چربی و بدون چربی) و عملکردی (آزمون وینگیت دست، پرتاب توپ طبی از بالای سر و لیفت مرده) همزمان با ثبت داده‌های الکترومیوگرافی عضلات منتخب به عمل آمد.
نتایج: کار فیزیولوژیکی عضلات منتخب در دو گروه تمرینی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل تغییر معنی‌داری (05/0<p) نکرد، ولی میانه فرکانس در گروه ترکیبی در مقایسه با دو گروه دیگر با کاهش معنی‌دار همراه بود (05/0>p). گروه‌های مطالعه در متغیرهای آنتروپومتری، رکورد پرتاب توپ از بالای سر، میانگین توان بی‌هوازی مطلق و نسبی تفاوتی نداشتند (05/0<p). در لیفت مرده برتری معنی‌داری در گروه ترکیبی مشاهده شد (05/0>p). در اوج توان بی‌هوازی نسبی، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین گروه‌های تمرینی و کنترل مشاهده شد (05/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‌های مطالعه حاضر مبنی بر تأیید نقش تمرینات پلایومتریک پایین‌تنه بر انتقال نیرو به بالاتنه، پیشنهاد می‌شود ورزشکاران از تمرینات پلایومتریک پایین‌تنه همراه با تمرینات پلایومتریک بالاتنه استفاده نمایند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effect of Lower-Body plyometric training on Upper-body electromyography activity and some anthropometric and functional parameters in young athletes
نویسندگان [English]
- Hassan Setudeh sorkh abadi 1
- Mohsen Mohammadnia Ahmadi 2
- Mohammad Yousefi 3
- Fatemeh Alirezaei 4
1 University of Birjand
2 University of birjand
3 University of Birjand
4 department of physical education and sport sciences, faculty of sport sciences, ferdowsi university of mashhad
چکیده [English]
Introduction: Due to the lack of study on the transition effect of the lower body to upper body plyometric training, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of upper and lower body plyometric training on upper-body electromyography activity in young athletes.
Methods: 36 male students were selected and divided into three groups: - control; - Upper body plyometric; and - Upper-lower body plyometric (mixed) training. Plyometric exercise protocol (4 weeks/ 3 sessions) included push-up plyometric (4 sets/ 10 repetitions) performed by both groups. The mixed group also continued lower-body plyometric exercise (4 sets/ 10 repetitions on obstacles). At the beginning and end of the course, First, anthropometric tests (fat and fat free mass); and functional (Wingate, overhead medicine ball throwing, and deadlift) was performed simultaneously with electromyography data evaluating.
Results: The physiological work doesn't changed significantly in selected muscles (p>0.05). The median of frequency was significantly reduced in the mixed group compared other groups (p<0.05). In addition, there was no difference in anthropometric, overhead medicine ball throwing, absolute and relative mean anaerobic power between groups (p>0.05). In the deadlift, the mixed group had better significantly records than the upper body group (p<0.05). In the relative anaerobic peak power, there was significant differences between training groups with control (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings regarding the confirmed role of lower body plyometric training on the transmission of force into the upper body, it is recommended that athletes use lower body plyometric along with upper body plyometric training.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Upper body plyometric training
- Root Mean Square
- Median Frequency
- Wingate Anaerobic Test
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