نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 استاد، گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکت اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر اثر هشت هفته تمرینات واکنشی عصبی-عضلانی (RNT) بر کنترل قامت، قدرت عضلانی و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان را مورد بررسی قرار داد.
روش شناسی: آزمودنی‌ها 30 زن سالمند بودند که در قالب دو گروه تمرین و کنترل در مطالعه شرکت کردند. آن‌ها قبل و بعد از هشت هفته تمرین آزمون عملکردی تعادل ایستا (آزمون دسترسی عملکردی)، تعادل پویا ( آزمون زماندار نشستن و برخاستن) و قدرت عضلانی (دستگاه دینامومتر پایی) را انجام دادند. همچنین خطر زمین خوردن و کیفیت زندگی از طریق پرسشنامه خطر سقوط هاپکینز و کیفیت زندگلی لیپاد اندازه گیری شد. بعد از انجام پیش‌آزمون، گروه تمرین شش هفته تمرین واکنشی عصبی عضلانی دریافت کرد و گروه کنترل در هیچ برنامه تمرینی شرکت نکرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS نسخه 21 و با روش آنوا با اندازه‌های تکراری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
نتایج: تعادل ایستا (003/0=p)، آزمون زمان دار نشستن و برخاستن (035/0=p)، خطرسقوط (نمره خطر سقوط) (047/0=p) و کیفیت زندگی (018/0=p) در گروه تجربی نسبت به گروه کنترل تفاوت معناداری نشان داد. با وجود افزایش قدرت عضلانی در گروه تمرین عصبی -عضلانی، اما بهبود قدرت عضلانی تنها در عضلات باز کننده زانو پای راست (009/0=p) و چپ (010/0=p) و عضلات نزدیک کننده ران پای چپ (001/0=p) نسبت به گروه کنترل حاصل شد.
نتیجه گیری: یک دوره تمرین عصبی-عضلانی باعث بهبود تعادل ایستا، قدرت عضلانی، کاهش خطر سقوط و کیفیت زندگی زنان سالمند می شود و این نوع از تمرینات احتمال افتادن و به زمین خوردن سالمندان را کاهش می دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating the effect of eight weeks of reactive neuromuscular training (RNT) on body control, muscle strength and quality of life of older adults
نویسندگان [English]
- Fuzieh Alhamashi 1
- Nader Rahnama 2
- Morteza Sadeghi 3
1 PhD student of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Full Professor, Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
The present study investigated the effect of eight weeks of reactive neuromuscular training (RNT) on postural control, muscle strength and quality of life in older adults.
The subjects were 30 elderly women who participated in two groups of experience and control. They took static balance test (Functional Reach test), dynamic balance (Timed up and Go test (TUG)) and muscle strength (foot dynamometer device), Before and after eight weeks of training., the risk of falling and the quality of life were measured through the Hopkins fall risk questionnaire and the Lipad quality of life measurement. then the experience group received six weeks of neuromuscular training and the control group did not participate in any exercise program. Data were analyzed using SPSS and repeated measures ANOVA method.
static balance (p=0.003), TUG(p=0.035), fall risk (p=0.047) and quality of life (p=0.018) in experience group showed a significant difference compared to the control group. muscle strength improved only in the knee extensor muscles of the right leg (p=0.009) and left (p=0.010) and the left hip adductor muscles (p=0.001) compared to the control group.
A course of neuromuscular training improved static balance, muscle strength, reduce the risk of falling and quality of life of elderly women. However, this type of exercise reduces the possibility of elderly people falling down. A course of neuromuscular training improved static balance, muscle strength, reduce the risk of falling and quality of life of elderly women. However, this type of exercise reduces the possibility of elderly people falling down.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- neuromuscular training
- aging
- fall risk
- muscle strength
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