نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیتبدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران )نویسندة مسئول(

2 ستادیار، گروه بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیتبدنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی همهگیرشناسی آسیبهای ورزشی دانشآموزان ایران انجام شده است. در این پژوهش 6300 دانشآموز دختر وپسر 12-16 سال درحالتحصیل در مقطع راهنمایی، از شهرهای تهران، کرج، یزد، خرمآباد، ساری، شهرکرد، بندرعباس، مشهد و تبریز شرکت کردند. آنها بهمدت یک سال تحصیلی بررسی شدند و آسیبهایشان با استفاده از فرم جمعآوری اطالعات و به شیوة آیندهنگر ثبت شد. برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها از آمار توصیفی و از جدول متقاطع برای مقایسة متغیر ها با توجه به جنسیت استفاده شد. بیشتر آسیب دانشآموزان پسر در 14 سالگی )3/56 درصد( و دختران در 13 سالگی )4/32 درصد( بود. یافتهها نشان داد که 457 نفر از دانشآموزان )42/10 درصد( دچار آسیب شدند که از این میان بیشترین میزان آسیب در دانشآموزان دختر )4/62 درصد( در خارج از زنگ ورزش )4/35 درصد( و درزمان حضورنداشتنمعلم ورزش )67 درصد(روی دادهبود، اما در دانشآموزان پسر، 4/45 درصد از آسیبها در زنگ ورزش و در حضور معلم ورزش )6/61 درصد( اتفاق اتفاده بود. دختران در کالسهای با جمعیت باالتر در خطر آسیبدیدگی بیشتر بودند )49 درصد(؛ حالآنکه پسران در کالسهای با جمعیت کمتر آسیب بیشتر داشتند )6/39 درصد(. از میان رشتههای گوناگون ورزشی، بیشترین میزان آسیب در پسران در رشتههای فوتبال )69 درصد( وفوتسال )6/11 درصد( و در دختران در رشتههای والیبال )2/17 درصد( و هندبال )7/4 درصد( بود. بیشتر آسیبها در کالسهایی با جمعیت زیاد روی داده بود. دانشآموزان آسیبدیده هیچگونه سابقة فعالیت ورزشی نداشتند و با سابقة کمتر آسیبهای بیشتری داشتند. بیشتر آسیبهای پسران در زنگ ورزش و در دختران در هنگام فعالیتی غیر از ورزشکردن روی داده بود. بهنظر میرسد با تمرکز بر حضور معلمان ورزش در ساعات ورزش و رشتههای ورزشی موردعالقة آنان و افزایش زمان فعالیت به شکل برنامههای مناسب پیشگیری، در زمان فعالیت و غیرورزش بههمراه کنترل جمیت کالسها بتوان از آسیب دانشآموزان پیشگیری کرد. اجرای راهبردی جامع و مناسب شامل بهکارگیری فعالیتهای ورزشی مناسب برای هر گروه سنی، تعیین و کنترل خطرهای احتمالی فعالیتهای ورزشی برای پیشگیری از آسیب بسیار مهم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Epidemiology of Sports and Falling Injuries in Iranian Boys and Girls student: (With Emphasis on Coach Role, Age, Class Capacity, Sports History, physical education courses time)

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohamadhossein alizadeh 1
  • mohammad karimizadeh ardakani 2

1 Department of health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, University of Tehran. Tehran. Iran

2 Department of health and sport medicine, faculty of physical education and sport science, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of sports injuries and falling in Iranian students at school and during physical education and physical activity at schools. In this study, 6,300 males and female 12-16 year-old junior secondary students from Tehran, Karaj, Yazd, Khorramabad, Sari, Shahrekord, Bandar Abbas, Mashhad and Tabriz participated in the study. Their injuries were recorded in a prospective manner. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were used to compare the variables according to gender. Most of the students' injuries were for male at the age of 14 (56.3) and for girls at the age of 13 (32.4%). The findings showed that 457 (10.42%) of the students were injured that highest number of injuries occurred to female students (62.4%) outside the physical education course (35.4) and during the absence of the physical education teacher (67%), but in male students, 45.4% injuries occurred in physical education course during presence of a physical education teacher (61.6%). Girls in highpopulation classes were at higher risk of injury (49 percent), while boys were more likely to be injured in lower-population classes (39.6). Among the various sports, the highest rate of injury in boys was in football (69%) and futsal (11.6%), and in girls were volleyball (17.2%) and handball (4/7 %). Most injuries occurred in crowded classes. Injured students have no history of exercise and they showed more damage with less experience. Most boys' injuries occurred during exercise and for girls during non-exercise activities. It seems that by focusing on the presence of physical education teachers during sports hours and their favorite sports and increasing the activity time in the form of appropriate prevention programs during activity and non-sports, it is possible to prevent students from being harmed. Implementing a comprehensive and appropriate strategy, including appropriate sports activities for each age group, determining and controlling the potential risks of sports activities is very important to prevent injury.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Role of Physical education teacher
  • Class capacity
  • Age
  • School Based Student
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