نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه طب ورزشی پژوهشگاه علوم ورزشی
2 دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران
3 استادیار بهداشت و طب ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
رفتار و ویژگی الاستیک ساختارهای بدن انسان، نقشی بالقوه در چگونگی انتقال نیرو و غلبه بر اغتشاشات خارجی وارد بر بدن دارد و به‌این‌ترتیب می‌تواند نقشی تعیین‌کننده در پیشگیری از بروز آسیب‌های اسکلتی-عضلانی داشته باشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، سنجش ارتباط میان رفتار الاستیک بدن با عوامل خطرزای آسیب‌های اسکلتی-عضلانی حین فرود تک‌پا بود. 30 مرد جوان سالم آزمون‌های هاپینگ را برای تعیین رفتار الاستیک بدن و آزمون فرود تک‌پا را برای تعیین عوامل خطرزای آسیب، روی یک صفحة نیرو و در برابر دوربین سرعت-بالا انجام دادند. سفتی پا به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین متغیرهای تعیین‌کنندة رفتار الاستیک بدن و زمان رسیدن به پایداری، فلکشن و والگوس زانو به‌عنوان عوامل خطرزای آسیب، محاسبه شدند و ارتباط آنها از طریق آزمون همبستگی پیرسون تعیین گشت. ضرایب همبستگی معنادار مثبت بین سفتی پا و زاویة فلکشن اولیه و نهایی زانو حین فرود مشاهده شد اما هیچ ارتباط معناداری بین سفتی پا با والگوس زانو وجود نداشت. روابط معنادار مثبت بین سفتی پا و زمان رسیدن به پایداری در راستای آنتریورپوستریور، دیگر یافتة این پژوهش بود. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، به نظر می‌رسد اگرچه سفتی پای بالا به‌عنوان عاملی مهم برای موفقیت در برخی عملکردهای حرکتی نظیر دویدن شناخته می‌شود، اما می‌تواند اجرای صحیح تکنیک فرود را با اختلال مواجه سازد و رسیدن به شرایط پایدار در راستای آنتریورپوستریور را به تاخیر اندازد. اجرای تمرینات تخصصی به منظور اصلاح تکنیک فرود یا تعدیل سفتی پا و بهینه‌سازی رفتار الاستیک بدن، می‌تواند در پیشگیری از آسیب‌های اسکلتی-عضلانی اندام تحتانی نظیر آسیب ACL موثر باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Is elastic behavior of human body related to the risk factors of musculoskeletal injuries during landing?
نویسندگان [English]
- Mojtaba Ashrostaghi 1
- Heydar Sadeghi 2
- Elham Shirzad 3
1 Sports medicine department, Sport sciences research institute of Iran
2 Department of Physical education & Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University
3 Assistant Professor of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injuries, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]
The elastic properties and behavior of human body structure are potentially effective on perturbation control and force transmission and so could theoretically be considered as the determinant factors of musculoskeletal injury prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between human body elastic behavior and musculoskeletal risk factors during unilateral landing. 30 young healthy men performed hopping and unilateral landing tests on a force plate and in front of a high-speed camera to quantify the elastic behavior and injury risk factors. Leg stiffness as one of the most important parameters of human body elastic behavior and time to stability, knee flexion and knee valgus as some injury risk factors were calculated and their relationships were determined by Pearson correlation test. There were some positive significant correlation coefficients between leg stiffness and initial and final knee flexion angle but there wasn't any relationship between leg stiffness and knee valgus parameters. Another important finding of this study was the positive significant correlation of leg stiffness and time to stability along with anteroposterior axis. According to the results, it seems although high values of leg stiffness is considered as an important factor to success in some movement performances like sprinting, actually it can disturb to adopt a correct landing technique and it can delay the anterior-posterior stabilization. Specific training method modifying the landing technique, regulating the leg stiffness and optimizing the body elastic behavior, can be effective on the prevention of lower body musculoskeletal injuries like ACL injury.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- elastic behavior
- leg stiffness
- hopping
- risk factors
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